《医疗器械经营质量管理规范》解读之一20231208
发布时间：2023-12-08
一、 《医疗器械经营质量管理规范》（以下简称《规范》）的修订背景
《规范》自2014年发布实施以来，为规范医疗器械经营行为，加强医疗器械经营环节质量监管，促进行业规范发展，保障公众用械安全有效，发挥了积极作用。近年来，医疗器械产业快速发展，2023年11月底全国医疗器械经营企业数量是2014年同期的近3倍。同时，近年来《医疗器械监督管理条例》《医疗器械经营监督管理办法》《企业落实医疗器械质量安全主体责任监督管理规定》等法规规章规范性文件，陆续制修订并发布实施；高值医用耗材集中带量采购、医疗器械唯一标识制度等新政策相继出台；互联网销售、第三方物流、医用耗材供应链管理等新业态不断涌现。为适应上位法变化以及行业新政策、新业态，现行《规范》内容亟待更新。
二、《规范》修订的总体思路和主要内容
《规范》作为指导医疗器械经营质量管理与监督管理的重要规范性文件，在修订的总体思路上，主要把握了四点：一是适应上位法的新要求、新变化。对与现行政策法规不相一致的内容进行修改，补充完善相关规定。二是坚决贯彻“四个最严”要求。以严控经营环节质量安全风险为导向，对监管部门与行业企业反映的突出问题进行针对性的补充，解决经营环节质量管理盲区，提高监管效能。三是准确把握发展与安全的关系。深化推进“放管服”改革，促进医疗器械产业高质量发展，释放市场创新活力。四是严格落实企业主体责任。通过强化质量管理体系要求，细化质量管理规范条款，明确落实企业各层级管理责任。
新增章节“质量管理体系建立与改进”。《规范》第二章“质量管理体系建立与改进”为新增章节，共5条，包括质量体系建立、质量方针与目标、履行主体责任、体系自查、持续改进条款内容。此章深化落实《医疗器械监督管理条例》“第四十四条 从事医疗器械经营，应当依照法律法规和国务院药品监督管理部门制定的医疗器械经营质量管理规范的要求，建立健全与所经营医疗器械相适应的质量管理体系并保证其有效运行”的有关要求，进一步强化医疗器械经营环节的质量管理体系理念，不断完善企业质量管理。
《规范》修订的主要内容：一是对2014版《规范》在企业管理与监管实践中存在执行困难以及理解歧义的条款，进行适宜性修订，以使规范内容更契合医疗器械经营环节的质量管理与监管实际情况。二是对新的监管要素进行识别与补充，以适应新的监管方式。明确医疗器械唯一标识在产品验收、出库复核、计算机系统方面的要求，明确电子证照与纸质证书具有同等法律效力，鼓励企业使用信息化技术传递和存储电子证照资料等。三是针对出现的新业态和新经营方式进行识别，补充经营环节质量管理盲区。例如：新增自动售械机质量管理、多仓协同的管理、直调的质量管理、临床确认后销售产品管理等内容。
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